SEC Filing | Aadi Bioscience, Inc.

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arpo-10q_20210630.htm

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ______________ to ______________

Commission File Number: 001-38560

Aerpio Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Delaware	EIN 61-1547850
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
c/o 10663 Loveland-Madeira Road #168 Loveland, OH	45140
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)
(513) 985-1920 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
9987 Carver Road Cincinnati, OH	45242
	(Zip Code)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share	ARPO	Nasdaq Capital Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐

Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company Emerging growth company	☒ ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of August 9, 2021, the registrant had 47,660,492 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, outstanding.

Summary of the Material and Other Risks Associated with Our Business

Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties that you should be aware of in evaluating our business, including those described in Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These risks include, but are not limited to, the following:

•

Failure to complete, or delays in completing, the potential merger (the “Merger”) with Aadi Bioscience, Inc. (“Aadi”) announced on May 17, 2021 could materially and adversely affect our results of operations, business, financial results and/or stock price.

•

We cannot be sure if or when the Merger will be completed.

•

Because the Merger Agreement provides for a fixed exchange ratio for the number of shares of our common stock that will be issued for each outstanding share of Aadi’s share capital, we may face risks as a result of changes in our stock price during the pendency of the Merger.

•

The Merger Agreement contains provisions that limits our ability to pursue alternatives to the Merger, could discourage a potential competing acquiror of us from making an alternative transaction proposal and, in specified circumstances, could require us to pay a termination fee to Aadi.

•

Our stockholders may not receive any payment on the contingent value right (“CVR”) and the CVRs may otherwise expire valueless.

•

We are substantially dependent on our remaining employees to facilitate the consummation of the Merger.

•

We cannot assure you that our exploration of strategic alternatives for our legacy assets will result in a transaction or that any such transaction would be successful, and the process of exploring strategic alternatives or its conclusion could adversely impact our business and our stock price.

•

We are involved in securities class action litigation related to the Merger and may become involved in additional securities class action litigation or stockholder derivative litigation in connection with the Merger, and this could divert the attention of our management and harm our business, and insurance coverage may not be sufficient to cover all related costs and damages.

•

The current pandemic of COVID-19 and the future outbreak of other highly infectious or contagious diseases could seriously harm our research, development and potential future commercialization efforts, increase our costs and expenses and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

•

We depend heavily on the success of our lead product candidate, razuprotafib. Even if we obtain favorable clinical results, we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval for, or successfully commercialize, razuprotafib.

•

We may find it difficult to enroll patients in our clinical trials, which could delay or prevent clinical trials of our product candidates.

•

Clinical drug development is a lengthy and expensive process with an uncertain outcome, and positive results from preclinical studies or earlier stage clinical trials are not necessarily predictive of the results of our future clinical trials of razuprotafib. If we cannot replicate the positive results from preclinical studies or earlier stage clinical trials in subsequent clinical trials, we may be unable to successfully develop, obtain regulatory approval for and commercialize our product candidates.

•

We may experience delays in the planned clinical development program for razuprotafib, and we do not know whether planned clinical trials will begin on time, need to be redesigned, enroll patients on time or be completed on schedule, if at all.

•

If our efforts to protect our proprietary technologies are not adequate, we may not be able to compete effectively in our market.

•

Our patents covering one or more of our products or product candidates could be found invalid or unenforceable if challenged.

•

If we fail to attract and keep senior management and key scientific personnel, we may be unable to successfully develop our product candidates, conduct our clinical trials and commercialize our products.

•

We rely on third parties to conduct preclinical studies and clinical trials for our product candidates, and if they do not properly and successfully perform their obligations to us, we may not be able to obtain regulatory approvals for our product candidates.

•

We intend to rely on third parties to conduct some or all aspects of our product manufacturing, and these third parties may not perform satisfactorily.

•

Our limited operating history may make it difficult for you to evaluate the success of our business to date and to assess our future viability.

•

We will require substantial additional financing. A failure to obtain this necessary capital when needed could force us to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or commercialization efforts.

•

Our future commercial success depends upon attaining significant market acceptance of our product candidates, if approved, among physicians, patients, third-party payors and others in the medical community.

•

We face substantial competition, which may result in others discovering, developing or commercializing products before, or more successfully, than we do.

•

Our product candidates may cause undesirable side effects or have other properties that delay or prevent their regulatory approval or limit their commercial potential.

•

The market price of our common stock may be highly volatile, and may be influenced by numerous factors, some of which are beyond our control.

•

Changes in tax law may adversely affect us or our investors.

The summary risk factors described above should be read together with the text of the full risk factors below, in the section entitled “Risk Factors” and the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including our consolidated financial statements and the related notes, as well as in other documents that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The risks summarized above or described in full below are not the only risks that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and future growth prospects.

iii

Table of Contents

		Page
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	2
Item 1.	Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	2
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets – June 30, 2021 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2020	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive (Loss) Income – Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (Unaudited)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity –Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (Unaudited)	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (Unaudited)	5
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	6
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	27
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	27
PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION	28
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	28
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	29
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	63
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	63
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	63
Item 5.	Other Information	63
Item 6.	Exhibits	64
Signatures		65

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

AERPIO PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

	June 30,			December 31,
	2021			2020
	(unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	36,816,128		$	42,604,935
Prepaid research and development contracts		—			510,177
Other current assets		578,461			1,603,913
Total current assets		37,394,589			44,719,025

Furniture and equipment, net		—			121,730
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		9,452			63,919
Deposits		20,000			20,000
Total assets	$	37,424,041		$	44,924,674

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	2,198,140		$	1,799,371
Current portion of operating lease liability		9,955			67,438
Total current liabilities		2,208,095			1,866,809
Total liabilities		2,208,095			1,866,809
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share; 300,000,000 shares authorized and 47,477,084 and 47,251,319 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.		4,747			4,725
Additional paid-in capital		190,611,718			189,603,985
Accumulated deficit		(155,400,519	)		(146,550,845	)
Total stockholders’ equity		35,215,946			43,057,865
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	37,424,041		$	44,924,674

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

AERPIO PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive (Loss) Income

	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
	2021			2020		2021			2020
	(unaudited)					(unaudited)
License revenue	$	—		$	15,000,000	$	—		$	15,000,000
Operating expenses
Research and development		719,637			3,548,572		2,947,639			5,377,614
General and administrative		4,051,724			2,195,515		6,188,314			4,481,406
Restructuring expense		—			—		1,238,270			—
Total operating expenses		4,771,361			5,744,087		10,374,223			9,859,020
(Loss) income from operations		(4,771,361	)		9,255,913		(10,374,223	)		5,140,980
Other income		360,754			—		1,518,842			—
Grant income		—			—		—			79,900
Interest income		2,672			20,119		5,707			136,489
Total other income		363,426			20,119		1,524,549			216,389
Net and comprehensive (loss) income	$	(4,407,935	)	$	9,276,032	$	(8,849,674	)	$	5,357,369

Net and comprehensive (loss) income per common share
Basic and diluted	$	(0.09	)	$	0.23	$	(0.19	)	$	0.13
Weighted average number of common shares used in computing net (loss) income per share attributable to common stockholders
Basic		47,372,581			40,588,004		47,327,701			40,588,004
Diluted		47,372,581			40,905,288		47,327,701			40,747,960

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

AERPIO PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

	For the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 (unaudited)
	Stockholders' Equity
	Common Stock				Additional Paid-In		Accumulated
	Shares		Par Value		Capital		Deficit			Total
Balance at January 1, 2021		47,251,319	$	4,725	$	189,603,985	$	(146,550,845	)	$	43,057,865
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options		78,769		8		70,267		—			70,275
Issuance of common stock		41,394		4		—		—			4
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		345,756		—			345,756
Net and comprehensive loss		—		—		—		(4,441,739	)		(4,441,739	)
Balance at March 31, 2021		47,371,482	$	4,737	$	190,020,008	$	(150,992,584	)	$	39,032,161
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options		13,586		1		10,192		—			10,193
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of warrants		50,000		5		24,295		—			24,300
Issuance of common stock		42,016		4		—		—			4
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		557,223		—			557,223
Net and comprehensive loss		—		—		—		(4,407,935	)		(4,407,935	)
Balance at June 30, 2021		47,477,084	$	4,747	$	190,611,718	$	(155,400,519	)	$	35,215,946


	For the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 (unaudited)
	Stockholders' Equity
	Common Stock				Additional Paid-In		Accumulated
	Shares		Par Value		Capital		Deficit			Total
Balance at January 1, 2020		40,588,004	$	4,059	$	178,766,806	$	(142,235,522	)	$	36,535,343
Issuance of warrants		—		—		62,347		—			62,347
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		327,467		—			327,467
Net and comprehensive loss		—		—		—		(3,918,663	)		(3,918,663	)
Balance at March 31, 2020		40,588,004	$	4,059	$	179,156,620	$	(146,154,185	)	$	33,006,494
Issuance of warrants		—		—		9,592		—			9,592
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		308,341		—			308,341
Net and comprehensive income		—		—		—		9,276,032			9,276,032
Balance at June 30, 2020		40,588,004	$	4,059	$	179,474,553	$	(136,878,153	)	$	42,600,459

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

AERPIO PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2021			2020
Operating activities:	(unaudited)
Net and comprehensive (loss) income	$	(8,849,674	)	$	5,357,369
Adjustments to reconcile net and comprehensive (loss) income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation		28,453			30,169
Loss on disposal of assets		93,285			—
Stock-based compensation		902,979			635,808
Consulting expenses related to warrants		—			71,939
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid research and development contracts		510,177			3,754
Other current assets		1,025,452			491,704
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		395,753			(238,797	)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities		(5,893,575	)		6,351,946
Investing activities:
Purchase of furniture and equipment		—			(12,198	)
Net cash used in investing activities		—			(12,198	)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options		80,468			—
Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon exercise of warrants		24,300			—
Net cash provided by financing activities		104,768			—
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		(5,788,807	)		6,339,748
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year		42,604,935			38,524,536
Cash and cash equivalents, six months ended	$	36,816,128		$	44,864,284

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

1. Nature of Organization and Operations

Aerpio Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the “Company” or “Aerpio”) is a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing compounds that activate Tie2 as well as other indications in which the Company believes that activation of Tie2 may have therapeutic potential. The Company was incorporated as Zeta Acquisition Corp. II (“Zeta”) in the State of Delaware on November 16, 2007. Zeta was a “shell company” (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended).

In December 2020, the Company announced the topline results from the Phase 2 clinical trial of razuprotafib (formerly known as AKB-9778), a small molecule vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase (“VE-PTP”) inhibitor. The double-blind, placebo controlled Phase 2 study, in patients with elevated intraocular pressure (“IOP”) associated with open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension, met its primary efficacy endpoint with its twice-daily dosing group; however, the IOP decrease was not at a level deemed sufficient to move to Phase 3 development. As a result, the Company initiated a process to explore a range of strategic alternatives focused on maximizing stockholder value from our clinical assets and cash resources. As part of this process, the Company explored strategic options for partnering our programs, as well as the potential for an acquisition, company sale, merger, business combination, asset sale, in-license, out-license or other strategic transaction. Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. and Duane Nash, M.D., J.D., M.B.A., were retained with respect to the strategic review process. There can be no assurance that this exploration of strategic alternatives will result in the Company entering or completing any transaction.

On May 16, 2021, the Company entered into an agreement and plan of merger (“Merger Agreement”) with Aadi Bioscience, Inc. (“Aadi”), a Delaware corporation, and Aspen Merger Subsidiary, Inc. (“Merger Sub”), a Delaware corporation and a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, pursuant to which, subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub will merge with and into Aadi, with Aadi surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Merger”). If the Merger is completed, the business of Aadi will continue as the business of the combined company.

The Merger Agreement was approved by the members of the board of directors of the Company (the “Board”) and the Board resolved to recommend approval of the Merger Agreement to the Company’s shareholders.

In connection with the Merger Agreement, the Company has entered into subscription agreements to raise an aggregate amount of $155.0 million in a Private Investment in Public Equity (“PIPE”) financing in shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants to purchase Aerpio common stock. The PIPE financing is expected to be consummated concurrently with the closing of the Merger, subject to customary closing conditions, and is contingent on the closing of the Merger.

The Merger is expected to close in the second half of 2021. The closing of the Merger is subject to approval of the Company's shareholders and the satisfaction of certain closing conditions, including, among others, obtaining the requisite approval of the stockholders of Aerpio, Aerpio’s cash and cash equivalents maintaining a balance equal to or greater than $10.0 million and the completion of the PIPE financing. The Merger is intended to qualify as a tax-free reorganization for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

If the Company is unable to satisfy the closing conditions in Aadi’s favor or if other applicable closing conditions are not satisfied, Aadi will not be obligated to complete the Merger. The Merger Agreement provides Aerpio and Aadi with specified termination rights, and further provides that, upon termination of the Merger Agreement under specified circumstances, Aerpio may be required to pay the Aadi a termination fee of $2.0 million. In addition, in connection with certain terminations of the Merger Agreement, Aerpio may be required to pay Aadi’s out-of-pocket fees and expenses up to $750,000.

If the Merger is consummated, on a pro forma basis, current shareholders of Aadi will own approximately 66.8% and current shareholders of the Company will own approximately 33.2% of the combined company upon the closing of the Merger, without giving effect to the proposed PIPE. Following the closing of the anticipated PIPE financing, the former Aadi shareholders are expected to own approximately 29.6% of the outstanding shares of Aerpio common stock, on a fully-diluted basis, the shareholders of Aerpio (as of immediately prior to the closing of the Merger) are expected to own approximately 14.7% of the outstanding shares of Aerpio common stock, on a fully-diluted basis, and the PIPE investors are expected to own approximately 55.7% of the outstanding shares of Aerpio common stock, on a fully-diluted basis.

The Merger Agreement contemplates that, at or prior to the effective time of the Merger (the “Effective Time”), Aerpio, the Holder Representative (as defined therein) and the Rights Agent (as defined therein) will execute and deliver a contingent value rights agreement (the “CVR Agreement”), pursuant to which each holder of Aerpio common stock as of immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be entitled to one contractual contingent value right issued by Aerpio, subject to and in accordance with the terms and conditions of the CVR Agreement, for each share of Aerpio common stock held by such holder. The contingent value rights are not transferable, except in certain limited circumstances as will be provided in the CVR Agreement, will not be certificated or evidenced by any instrument and will not be registered with the SEC or listed for trading on any exchange.

In January 2021, the Company executed a realignment plan to reduce operating costs and better align our workforce with the needs of its ongoing business. The realignment plan reduced the Company’s workforce by seven employees, representing approximately 58% of its workforce. As a result of this realignment plan, the Company incurred a one-time employee related severance expenses of approximately $1.2 million in the first six months of 2021 and anticipates the majority of the one-time employee severance liability to be paid during 2021. The final payment of the severance liability in connection with the realignment plan is subject to a number of assumptions, actual results may differ from the original estimate. Additionally, the Company may also incur additional costs not currently contemplated due to events that may occur as a result of, or that are associated with, the realignment plan.

In addition to razuprotafib, the Company has the following clinical programs for which the Company is actively exploring partnerships, collaborations and other strategic options:

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Based on results in preclinical studies and observations in patients in TIME-2 and TIME-2b trials, the Company believed that a vascular endothelial receptor, Tie2, may play a pivotal role in the defense against microvascular breach in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (“ARDS”) and have therapeutic potential for the treatment of COVID-19 associated ARDS. During 2020, the Company initiated two Phase 2 trials to evaluate subcutaneous razuprotafib for the prevention and treatment of ARDS in adult patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 (“RESCUE”) and critical COVID-19 (“I-SPY”). In January 2021, the Data Monitoring Committee recommended discontinuation of razuprotafib in the I-SPY trial after 21 patients due to the complexity of monitoring patients in the setting of a surge in ICU patients. For the RESCUE trial, the Company decided to stop recruiting in February 2021 after the first 31 patients were enrolled based on challenges recruiting and monitoring patients in the current pandemic environment. Based on topline data for the RESCUE trial, there was a mechanism-based, dose-dependent reduction of blood pressure which was not associated with other adverse events. There was an apparent dose-dependent decrease in Angiopoietin 2 (“Ang2”) that would be consistent with the Tie2 activation mechanism. The efficacy of razuprotafib could not be fully assessed due to the limited number of patients treated in the drug and standard of care arms. At the 28 day study endpoint, there were an equal number of deaths in each group (one per group). Further analysis of the full data set is ongoing. There were no apparent safety signals associated with dosing COVID-19 patients in either trial and we plan to further analyze the data to assess trends in efficacy and biomarkers. All clinical activity related to the RESCUE trial was substantially complete as of June 30, 2021.

Diabetic Kidney Disease: In two consecutive trials, TIME-2 and TIME-2b, subcutaneous razuprotafib showed reduction in Urine Albumin-Creatinine Ratio (“UACR”), a measure of progression of diabetic kidney disease. The Company believes that systemic treatment with razuprotafib could have the potential to change the treatment paradigm for diabetics in the future and potentially address a major societal problem by lowering the cost of care associated generally with diabetes.

ARP-1536 and Bi-Specific Antibody: ARP-1536, the humanized monoclonal antibody directed at the same target as subcutaneous razuprotafib, is in preclinical development. The Company is evaluating development options for ARP-1536, including subcutaneous injection for the treatment of diabetic vascular complications, e.g., diabetic nephropathy and intravitreal injection as an adjunctive therapy for diabetic macular edema. The Company is also developing a bispecific antibody that binds both vascular endothelial growth factor (“VEGF”) and VE-PTP which is designed to inhibit VEGF activation and activate Tie2. The Company believes this bispecific antibody has the potential to be an improved treatment for wet aged-related macular degeneration (“AMD”) and diabetic macular edema via intravitreal injection.

In June 2018, the Company licensed AKB-4924 (now GB004), a selective stabilizer of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (“HIF-1 alpha”) to a wholly-owned subsidiary of Gossamer Bio, Inc., GB004, Inc. ( “Gossamer”), which is being developed for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (“IBD”). HIF-1 alpha is involved in mucosal wound healing and the reduction of inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Gossamer completed the Phase 1b clinical trial in ulcerative colitis (“UC”) patients and reported results during the second quarter of 2020. Gossamer has announced that, subject to developments in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, it initiated a 12-week Phase 2 study of GB004 in patients with mild-to-moderate UC during the second half of 2020.

In May 2020, the Company received a one-time payment of $15.0 million pursuant to an amendment to its license agreement with Gossamer resulting in a reduction in future potential milestone payments and tiered royalty rates over the life of the license agreement. Gossamer is responsible for all remaining development and commercial activities for GB004.

The Company’s operations to date have been limited to organizing and staffing the Company, business planning, raising capital, acquiring and developing its technology, identifying potential product candidates and undertaking preclinical and clinical studies. The Company’s revenue has been primarily limited to license revenue from Gossamer. Future revenue is dependent on the terms of the license agreement with Gossamer as further described in Note 10. The Company’s product candidates are subject to long development cycles and there is no assurance the Company will be able to successfully develop, obtain regulatory approval for, or market its product candidates.

The Company is subject to a number of risks similar to other life science companies in the current stage of its life cycle including, but not limited to, the need to obtain adequate additional funding, possible failure of preclinical testing or clinical trials, the need to obtain marketing approval for its product candidates, competitors developing new technological innovations, the need to successfully commercialize and gain market acceptance of any of the Company’s products that are approved, and protection of proprietary technology. If the Company does not successfully commercialize any of its products or mitigate any of these other risks, it will be unable to generate revenue or achieve profitability.

Excluding the one-time payments from Gossamer, the Company incurred losses from operations and had a negative cash flows from operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 (and since inception). As of June 30, 2021, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were approximately $36.8 million. Based on its current operating plan, and absent any future financings or strategic partnerships, the Company believes its existing cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to fund its current operating plan through the fourth quarter of 2022.

COVID-19 has resulted, and may continue to result, in significant governmental measures being implemented to control the spread of the virus through quarantines, travel restrictions, heightened border security and other measures. While the Company cannot predict the scope and severity, these developments and measures could materially and adversely affect its business and its financial condition. In addition, in response to the continuing spread of COVID-19, the Company has kept its executive offices closed with its employees continuing their work outside of the office. The Company is closely monitoring the impact of COVID-19 on all aspects of its business and is taking steps to minimize the impact on its business. However, the extent to which COVID-19 ultimately impacts the Company’s business, results of operations or financial condition will depend on future developments, which despite progress in vaccination efforts, remain highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence, such as the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic, new strains of the virus which may impact rates of infection and vaccination efforts, developments or perceptions regarding the safety of vaccines, new information that may emerge, and any additional preventative and protective actions that governments, or we, may direct, which may result in extending ongoing business disruptions and reduced operations. If the Company or any of the third parties with whom it engages were to experience additional shutdowns or other prolonged business disruptions, the Company’s ability to conduct its business in the manner and on the timelines presently planned could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s business, results of operation and financial condition. In addition, a recurrence of COVID-19 cases could cause other widespread or more severe impacts depending on where infection rates are highest. The Company will continue to monitor the latest developments as it deals with the disruptions and uncertainties relating to the COVID-19 pandemic, including the pace of vaccinations and the emergence of new and more contagious strains of the virus, and any resulting impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Any resulting financial impact cannot be reasonably estimated at this time and may have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regulations and include all of the information and disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP” or “GAAP”) for interim financial reporting, and, in the opinion of management include all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations, financial position, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each period presented. Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative U.S. GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). All adjustments are of a normal and recurring in nature. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 11, 2021. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results of operations for a full year. The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements are stated in U.S. Dollars.

Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company views its operations and manages its business in one operating segment, which is the business of developing and commercializing proprietary therapeutics. All the assets and operations of the Company’s sole operating segment are located in the United States.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Management considers many factors in selecting appropriate financial accounting policies and controls, and in developing the estimates and assumptions that are used in the preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements. Management must apply significant judgment in this process. In addition, other factors may affect estimates, including expected business and operational changes, sensitivity and volatility associated with the assumptions used in developing estimates, and whether historical trends are expected to be representative of future trends. The estimation process often may yield a range of potentially reasonable estimates of the ultimate future outcomes, and management must select an amount that falls within that range of reasonable estimates. Estimates are used in the following areas, among others: stock-based compensation expense, revenue recognition and income taxes.

The Company’s results can also be affected by economic conditions, global health concerns, such as the COVID-19, and political, legislative, regulatory and legal actions. Economic conditions, such as recessionary trends, inflation, interest and monetary exchange rates, government fiscal policies, and changes in the prices of research studies, can have a significant effect on operations. While the Company maintains reserves for anticipated liabilities and carries various levels of insurance, the Company could be affected by civil, criminal, regulatory or administrative actions, claims or proceedings.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of all cash on hand and short-term certificates of deposits with original maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase. At June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company’s cash equivalents are primarily held in money market funds. The Company maintains balances with its banks in excess of federally insured limits.

Revenue Recognition

At the inception of an arrangement, the Company evaluates if a counterparty to a contract is a customer, if the arrangement is within the scope of revenue from contracts with customers guidance and the term of the contract. The Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services in a contract for an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. For contracts with customers, the Company applies the following five-step model in order to determine this amount: (i) identification of the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) determination of whether the promised goods or services are performance obligations, including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) measurement of the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies each performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. As part of the accounting for contracts with customers, the Company must develop assumptions that require judgment to determine the standalone selling price of each performance obligation identified in the contract. The Company then allocates the total transaction price to each performance obligation based on the estimated standalone selling prices of each performance obligation. The Company recognizes the amount of the transaction price as revenue that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when the performance obligation is satisfied or as it is satisfied.

The Company enters into collaboration arrangements, under which it licenses certain rights to its intellectual property to third parties. The terms of these agreements may include payment to the Company of one or more of the following: nonrefundable upfront license fees; development, sale and commercial milestone payments and royalties on net sales of licensed products. Each of these types of payments are classified as license revenue except for revenue from royalties on net sales of licensed products, which are classified as royalty revenue, if received.

For each collaboration agreement that results in revenues, the Company identifies all material promised goods and services, which may include a license to intellectual property, research and development activities and/or transition activities. Promised goods or services are considered to be separate performance obligations if they are distinct. In order to determine the transaction price to be allocated to each performance obligation, in addition to any upfront payment, the Company estimates the amount of variable consideration at the outset of the contract either utilizing the expected value or most likely amount method, depending on the facts and circumstances relative to the contract. The Company constrains (reduces) the estimates of variable consideration such that it is probable that a significant reversal of previously recognized revenue will not occur throughout the life of the contract. When determining if variable consideration should be constrained, management considers whether there are factors outside the Company’s control that could result in a significant reversal of revenue. In making these assessments, the Company considers the likelihood and magnitude of a potential reversal of revenue. These estimates are re-assessed each reporting period as required.

Once the estimated transaction price is established, amounts are allocated to the performance obligations that have been identified. The transaction price is generally allocated to each separate performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price basis. The Company must develop assumptions that require judgment to determine the standalone selling price (“SSP”) in order to account for these agreements. To determine the standalone selling price the Company’s assumptions may include (i) assumptions regarding the probability of obtaining marketing approval for the drug candidate; (ii) estimates regarding the timing of and the expected costs to develop and commercialize the drug candidate; (iii) estimates of future cash flows from potential product sales with respect to the drug candidate; and (iv) appropriate discount and tax rates. Standalone selling prices used to perform the initial allocation are not updated after contract inception. The Company does not include a financing component to its estimated transaction price at contract inception unless it estimates that certain performance obligations will not be satisfied within one year.

Upfront License and Amendment License Fees: If a license to the Company’s intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified in the arrangement, the Company recognizes revenues from nonrefundable, upfront (or one-time) license and amendment license fees based on the relative value prescribed to the license compared to the total value of the arrangement. The revenue is recognized when the cash is received or when the license is transferred to the collaborator and the collaborator is able to use and benefit from the license. For licenses that are not distinct from other obligations identified in the arrangement, the Company utilizes judgment to assess the nature of the combined performance obligation to determine whether the combined performance obligation is satisfied over time or at a point in time. If the combined performance obligation is satisfied over time, the Company applies an appropriate method of measuring progress for purposes of recognizing revenue from nonrefundable, license fees. The Company evaluates the measure of progress each reporting period and, if necessary, adjusts the measure of performance and related revenue recognition.

Development Milestone Payments: Depending on facts and circumstances, the Company may conclude it is appropriate to include the milestone in the estimated transaction price using the most likely amount method or it is appropriate to fully constrain the milestone. A milestone payment is included in the transaction price in the reporting period the Company concludes that it is probable that recording revenue in the period will not result in a significant reversal in amounts recognized in future periods. The Company may record revenues from certain milestones in a reporting period before the milestone is achieved if the Company concludes that achievement of the milestone is probable and that recognition of revenue related to the milestone will not result in a significant reversal in amounts recognized in future periods. The Company records a corresponding contract asset when this conclusion is reached. Milestone payments that have not been included in the transaction price to date are fully constrained. These milestones remain fully constrained until the Company concludes that achievement of the milestone is probable and recognition of revenue related to the milestone will not result in a significant reversal in amounts recognized in future periods. The Company re-evaluates the probability of achievement of such development milestones and any related constraint each reporting period. The Company adjusts its estimate of the overall transaction price, including the amount of collaborative revenue that it has recorded, if necessary.

Sales-based Milestone and Royalty Payments: The Company’s collaborators may be required to pay the Company sales-based milestone payments or royalties on future sales of commercial products. The Company recognizes revenues related to sales-based milestone and royalty payments upon the later to occur of (i) achievement of the collaborator’s underlying sales or (ii) satisfaction of any performance obligation(s) related to these sales, in each case assuming the license to the Company’s intellectual property is deemed to be the predominant item to which the sales-based milestones and/or royalties relate.

Other Income

Other income represents reimbursed internal and external qualified expenses, per the terms of the U.S. Government operating through Medical Technology Enterprise Consortium (“MTEC”) arrangement. The reimbursable qualified expenses were incurred in conjunction with the RESCUE trial and the potential of subcutaneous razuprotafib for the prevention and treatment of ARDS in adult patients with moderate to severe COVID-19. The Company recorded $0.4 million and $1.5 million as other income during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively. No similar arrangements existed in the prior year.

Other income is recorded, and costs are generally reimbursed, in the period the internal or external qualified clinical trial expenses are incurred, and paid, by the Company.

Grant Income

Grant income is recognized as earned based on contract work performed.

Research and Development

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development expense consists of (i) employee-related expenses, including salaries, benefits, travel and stock-based compensation expense; (ii) external research and development expenses incurred under arrangements with third parties, such as contract research organizations and consultants; (iii) the cost of acquiring, developing and manufacturing clinical study materials; and (iv) costs associated with clinical, preclinical and regulatory activities.

The Company enters into consulting, research, and other agreements with commercial firms, researchers, universities and others for the provision of goods and services. Under such agreements, the Company may pay for services on a monthly, quarterly, project or other basis. Such arrangements are generally cancellable upon reasonable notice and payment of costs incurred. Costs are considered incurred based on an evaluation of the progress to completion of specific tasks under each contract using information and data provided to the Company by its clinical sites and vendors. These costs consist of direct and indirect costs associated with specific projects, as well as fees paid to various entities that perform certain research on behalf of the Company.

Patents

Costs incurred in connection with the application for and issuances of patents are expensed as incurred.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are recorded in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”) which provides for deferred taxes using an asset and liability approach. The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the consolidated financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities and for loss and credit carryforwards using enacted tax rates anticipated to be in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are provided, if, based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740. When uncertain tax positions exist, the Company recognizes the tax benefit of tax positions to the extent that the benefit will more likely than not be realized. The determination as to whether the tax benefit will more likely than not be realized is based upon the technical merits of the tax position, as well as consideration of the available facts and circumstances. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company does not have any uncertain tax positions. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions, if any exist, in income tax expense.

Net and Comprehensive (Loss) Income per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

The Company’s basic net and comprehensive (loss) income per share attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing the net and comprehensive (loss) income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. The diluted net and comprehensive (loss) income per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by adjusting the weighted average shares outstanding for the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents outstanding for the period, determined using the treasury stock method.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation awards in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). ASC 718 requires all stock-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income based on their fair values. All the Company’s stock-based awards are subject only to service-based vesting conditions. The Company estimates the fair value of its stock-based awards using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which requires the input of assumptions, including (a) the expected stock price volatility, (b) the calculation of expected term of the award, (c) the risk-free interest rate and (d) expected dividends.

Due to the historical lack of a public market for the trading of the Company’s common stock and a lack of company-specific historical and implied volatility data, the Company has based its estimate of expected volatility on the historical volatility of a group of similar companies that are publicly traded. The computation of expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of a representative group of companies with similar characteristics to the Company, including stage of product development and life science industry focus. The Company believes the group selected has sufficient similar economic and industry characteristics and includes companies that are most representative of the Company.

The Company uses the simplified method as prescribed by the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, Share-Based Payment, to calculate the expected term, as it does not have sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate the expected term for options granted to employees, and utilizes the contractual term for options granted to non-employees. The expected term is applied to the stock option grant group as a whole, as the Company does not expect substantially different exercise or post-vesting termination behavior among its employee population. The risk-free interest rate is based on a treasury instrument whose term is consistent with the expected life of the stock options.

Compensation expense related to awards to employees is calculated on a straight-line basis by recognizing the grant date fair value over the associated service period of the award, which is generally the vesting term.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued expenses. The Company values cash equivalents using quoted market prices. The fair value of accounts payable and accrued expenses approximates its carrying value because of its short-term nature.

The Company is required to disclose information on all assets and liabilities reported at fair value that enables an assessment of the inputs used in determining the reported fair values. ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”), establishes a hierarchy of inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the observable inputs be used when available.

Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The fair value hierarchy applies only to the valuation inputs used in determining the reported fair value of the investments and is not a measure of the investment credit quality. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:

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Level 1 – Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date

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Level 2 – Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly

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Level 3 – Valuations that require inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable

To the extent that a valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. There were no transfers within the fair value hierarchy during the three or six months ended June 30, 2021 or 2020. The assets of the Company measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, are summarized below:

	Fair Value Measurements Using
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
June 30, 2021
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	36,816,128	$	—	$	—	$	36,816,128
Total assets	$	36,816,128	$	—	$	—	$	36,816,128
December 31, 2020
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	42,604,935	$	—	$	—	$	42,604,935
Total assets	$	42,604,935	$	—	$	—	$	42,604,935

Concentrations of Credit Risk and Off-Balance Sheet Risk

Cash and cash equivalents are the only financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk. At June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents with high-quality, accredited financial institutions and, accordingly, such funds are subject to minimal credit risk. The Company has no significant off-balance sheet concentrations of credit risk, such as foreign currency exchange contracts, option contracts or other hedging arrangements.

Comprehensive (Loss) Income

Comprehensive (loss) income is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, if any. Comprehensive income was recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 as a result of the $15.0 million received from Gossamer for Amendment No. 1 during the three months ended June 30, 2020.

Furniture and Equipment

Furniture and equipment is stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Furniture and equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally three to seven years. Such costs are periodically reviewed for recoverability when impairment indicators are present. Such indicators include, among other factors: operating losses, unused capacity, market value declines, and technological obsolescence. Recorded values of asset groups of furniture and equipment that are not expected to be recovered through undiscounted future net cash flows are written down to current fair value, which generally is determined from estimated discounted future net cash flows (assets held for use) or net realizable value (assets held for sale). During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company disposed of all furniture and equipment. A loss on the disposal of all furniture and equipment of $93,285 was recorded in general and administrative expenses during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021. No similar loss or disposal was recorded during 2020.

Leases

At the inception of an arrangement the Company determines whether the arrangement is or contains a lease based on the circumstances present. All leases with a term greater than one year are recognized on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as right-of-use assets, lease liabilities and, if applicable, long-term lease liabilities. The Company has elected not to recognize on the condensed consolidated balance sheet leases with terms of one-year or less if entered into. Lease liabilities and their corresponding right-of-use assets are recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the expected lease term. The interest rate implicit in lease contracts is typically not readily determinable. As such, the Company utilizes the appropriate incremental borrowing rate, which is the rate incurred to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. Certain adjustments to the right-of-use asset may be required for items such as initial direct costs paid or incentives received.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

No new accounting pronouncement have been recently issued or newly effective which would have or be expected to have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

3. Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses

Accounts payable and accrued expenses are as follows:

	June 30,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Restructuring accrual (see Note 11)	$	677,891	$	—
Accounts payable		746,880		523,037
Professional fees		504,903		444,534
Accrued project costs		—		328,463
Accrued retention bonus		225,960		—
Accrued vacation		31,701		48,107
Accrued bonus		—		428,683
Other		10,805		26,547
Total accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	2,198,140	$	1,799,371

4. Common Stock

As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had 300,000,000 shares of authorized common stock with par value of $0.0001 per share.

The common stock has the following characteristics:

Voting

The holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share of common stock held at all meetings of stockholders and written actions in lieu of meetings.

Dividends

The holders of common stock are entitled to receive dividends, if and when declared by the board of directors of the Company (the “Board of Directors”). Since the Company’s inception, no dividends have been declared or paid to the holders of common stock.

Liquidation

In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, or winding-up of the Company, the holders of common stock are entitled to share ratably in the Company’s assets.

Warrants to Purchase Common Stock

The Company had warrants outstanding for the purchase of 550,000 and 600,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. In October 2019, the Company issued warrants for the purchase of 600,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $0.486 per share in connection with the hiring of a strategic advisor consultant for a six-month period. These warrants vested in equal monthly installments over a six-month period beginning October 14, 2019 and expire on October 24, 2024. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, 50,000 warrants were exercised. At the date of grant the fair value of these awards was determined using a Black-Scholes Merton pricing model.

The number of shares and the exercise price shall be adjusted for standard anti-dilution events such as stock splits, combinations, reorganizations, or issue shares as part of a stock dividend. Upon a change of control, the warrant holder will have the right to receive securities, cash or other properties it would have been entitled to receive had the warrant been exercised. The warrants are equity classified instruments and do not contain contingent exercise provisions, or other features, that would preclude the Company from concluding that the warrants are indexed solely to the Company’s common stock.

5. Preferred Stock

As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share, in authorized capital. No preferred stock was issued and outstanding at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

6. Stock-Based Compensation

In March 2017, the Board of Directors adopted, and the stockholders approved, the 2017 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “2017 Plan”), that became effective in April 2017. The 2017 Plan provides for the issuance of incentive awards up to 4,600,000 shares of common stock to officers, employees, consultants and directors, less the number of shares subject to issued and outstanding awards under the 2011 Plan that were assumed in the Merger. The 2017 Plan also provides that the number of shares reserved for issuance thereunder will be increased annually on the first day of each year beginning in 2018 by four percent (4%) of the shares of common stock outstanding on the last day of the immediately preceding year or such smaller increase as determined by the Board of Directors. In January 2021, the Board of Directors approved a 4% increase adding 1,890,052 shares to the 2017 Plan, which was effective as of January 1, 2021.

Stock Options

The options granted generally vest over 48 months. Under the 2017 Plan, options vest in installments of 25% at the one-year anniversary and thereafter in 36 equal monthly installments beginning on the 1^st of the month after the one-year anniversary date, subject to the employee’s continuous service with the Company. In May 2019, the Company issued a special retention grant of options to purchase an aggregate of 2,419,050 shares of common stock which vest in installments of 50% at June 30, 2020 and 50% at June 30, 2021, subject to the employee’s continuous service with the Company. The options generally expire ten years after the date of grant. The fair value of the options at the date of grant is recognized as an expense over the requisite service period. During the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, option awards to purchase an aggregate of 216,535 and 260,720 shares of common stock were granted, respectively, and option awards to purchase an aggregate of 287,963 and 962,720 shares of common stock were granted in the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, 5,324,959 and 3,634,905 shares were reserved for issuance under the 2017 Plan, respectively.

The following table summarizes the stock option activity during the six months ended June 30, 2021:

	Stock Option Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, January 1, 2021		4,642,240		$	1.81		7.00	$	358,209
Granted		287,963			1.48
Exercised		(92,355	)		0.87
Expired/cancelled		(208,208	)		2.02
Outstanding, June 30, 2021		4,629,640		$	1.80		6.58	$	2,196,969
Expected to vest, June 30, 2021		873,594		$	1.65		1.50	$	578,185
Options exercisable, June 30, 2021		3,756,046		$	1.83